In general, there are Sunrise, Landrush and General Availability Phases to register a newly released domain extensions (TLDs).
Sunrise phase is normally reserved for those who have trademarks or patents of their business or company to first be eligible to register for their domain name.
Landrush phase is a phase where there is a premium one-off fee to qualify for the domain registration. However, if there is more than one applicant for the same domain name, the domain name will be auctioned and the highest bidder in the auction will be awarded with the domain name.
General Availability phase is based on first come first serve domain registration and the price for the registration will be a standard price.
However since the launch of new TLDs, we have an additional launch phase called Early Access which requires applicant to pay an extra one-off fee to be qualified for a particular domain name registration based on first come first serve basis.